{"id":21036,"date":"2021-04-01T09:15:45","date_gmt":"2021-04-01T08:15:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/the-influence-of-japan-on-western-art\/"},"modified":"2021-04-01T16:41:37","modified_gmt":"2021-04-01T15:41:37","slug":"the-influence-of-japan-on-western-art","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/en\/the-influence-of-japan-on-western-art\/","title":{"rendered":"The influence of Japan on Western art"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Japan, Opium and the Far East: the influence of the Far East on Western art<\/h2>\n<h3>The influence of Japan on Western art<\/h3>\n<p>After two centuries of \u2018splendid isolation\u2019, Japan finally opened its borders in 1854. However, it took several more years before Japonmania actually became a thing in the West. After two World Exhibitions -in 1862 and 1867- Europeans finally discovered Japanese art and utilitarian objects. The gorgeous kimonos, porcelain, woodblock prints, fans, parasols and folding screens astonished the Europeans and soon grew into a true rage. Art dealers were more than happy to seize the opportunity and the trade in Japanese as well as Chinese curiosa grew steadily.<\/p>\n<p>Art dealers such as the famous<span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><a style=\"color: #3366ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Siegfried_Bing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Siegfried Bing<\/a><\/span> were a driving force behind the rise of Japanese influences in the Western art world. Artists looking for a new style were eager to buy the prints imported by Bing, including <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><a style=\"color: #3366ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.vangoghmuseum.nl\/en\/stories\/inspiration-from-japan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Vincent van Gogh<\/a><\/span>.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_20896\" style=\"width: 503px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Van-Gogh-vaas-met-klaprozen-1886.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-20896\" class=\"wp-image-20896 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Van-Gogh-vaas-met-klaprozen-1886-493x600.jpg\" alt=\"Van Gogh vase with poppies 1886\" width=\"493\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Van-Gogh-vaas-met-klaprozen-1886-200x243.jpg 200w, https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Van-Gogh-vaas-met-klaprozen-1886-400x487.jpg 400w, https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Van-Gogh-vaas-met-klaprozen-1886-493x600.jpg 493w, https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Van-Gogh-vaas-met-klaprozen-1886-500x608.jpg 500w, https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Van-Gogh-vaas-met-klaprozen-1886-600x730.jpg 600w, https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Van-Gogh-vaas-met-klaprozen-1886-768x934.jpg 768w, https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Van-Gogh-vaas-met-klaprozen-1886-800x973.jpg 800w, https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Van-Gogh-vaas-met-klaprozen-1886-842x1024.jpg 842w, https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Van-Gogh-vaas-met-klaprozen-1886-1200x1460.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Van-Gogh-vaas-met-klaprozen-1886-1263x1536.jpg 1263w, https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Van-Gogh-vaas-met-klaprozen-1886-1684x2048.jpg 1684w, https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Van-Gogh-vaas-met-klaprozen-1886.jpg 1802w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 493px) 100vw, 493px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-20896\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Van Gogh vase with poppies 1886<\/p><\/div>\n<p>In 1888, Bing founded the magazine Le Japon Artistique, in which he described Japanese art as an \u2018Art Nouveau\u2019. It is therefore not surprising that Japonisme &#8211; a movement in which Western artists gave their own interpretation to Japanese influences &#8211; became the cradle of the Art Nouveau movement.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_20898\" style=\"width: 210px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/131.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-20898\" class=\"wp-image-20898 size-fusion-200\" src=\"https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/131-200x287.jpg\" alt=\"le japon artistique\" width=\"200\" height=\"287\" srcset=\"https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/131-200x287.jpg 200w, https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/131-400x574.jpg 400w, https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/131.jpg 418w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-20898\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">le japon artistique 1889<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Western artists were enchanted by the abstract use of powerful colours, the remarkable compositions and the interesting perspective in Japanese <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><a style=\"color: #3366ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ukiyo-e\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ukiyo-e woodblock prints<\/a><\/span> and porcelain. They translated this in their own works into a simple, colourful and almost abstract style, in which nature takes centre stage. De Japanese <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><a style=\"color: #3366ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sieboldhuis.org\/en\/exhibitions\/kach%C5%8Dga-de-po%C3%ABzie-van-de-japanse-natuur\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">kach\u014d-e prints<\/a><\/span> (\u2018Bird-and-flower-painting\u2019, a ukiyo-e subgenre) had a major impact on the Western Art Nouveau style. The stylized flowers and birds are for example clearly visible in various decorations from, among others, <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><a style=\"color: #3366ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/en\/rozenburg-royal-delftware-factory\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Rozenburg Den Haag Royal Delftware Factory (1883-1917)<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Poppies and the use of opium<\/h3>\n<p>For centuries, the poppy has been a commonly used metaphor for (eternal) sleep and rest in Europe. The milky sap of the poppy flower -opium- has been used as an anaesthetic and a sleeping aid since Antiquity. This effect subsequently found expression in myths, folk tales and artworks in different periods and countries. In Ancient Greece, the poppy was a symbol associated with both Hypnos (Sleep) and Thanatos (Death). Greek mythology even tells of Demeter&#8217;s creation of the poppy after she lost her daughter Persephone.<\/p>\n<p>This connection between poppies, opium and (eternal) sleep can also be found in works of art from the end of the 19th century. In the 19th century, poppy was the most popular painkiller and it was sold in many pharmacies, often marketed towards women and children. In the late 1800s, the popularity of opium smoking was also growing, especially among the elite.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_20900\" style=\"width: 210px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/opium-kit.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-20900\" class=\"wp-image-20900 size-fusion-200\" src=\"https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/opium-kit-200x105.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"105\" srcset=\"https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/opium-kit-200x105.jpg 200w, https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/opium-kit-400x210.jpg 400w, https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/opium-kit-500x263.jpg 500w, https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/opium-kit-600x315.jpg 600w, https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/opium-kit-768x403.jpg 768w, https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/opium-kit-800x420.jpg 800w, https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/opium-kit-1024x538.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/opium-kit.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-20900\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Opium den<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Opium dens were generally seen as places of sin and crime, but the ritual surrounding the smoking of opium also had a certain mysterious and exotic allure as well. Smoking opium allowed the user to escape their mundane life and \u2018travel\u2019 to the exotic Far East.<\/p>\n<p>It was not long before this mysterious pastime was combined with that other portrayal of the mysterious Far East, namely Japonist works of art. Symbols that had a connection with opium, like dragons and poppies, were portrayed in typical Japonist fashion. The dragons referred to <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><a style=\"color: #3366ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/en\/dragons-in-dutch-art-nouveau\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u2018chasing dragons\u2019,<\/a><\/span> a metaphor for opium smoking. But poppies, which had been a symbol of sleep and opium use for centuries, were also frequently used in decorations on vases and other porcelain pieces. The graceful flowers were portrayed in a style resembling the Japanese ukiyo-e prints: two-dimensional and almost abstract, with an elegant composition and powerful, striking colours.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_20010\" style=\"width: 410px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Rozenburg-Hartgring-1902-klokkenstel.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-20010\" class=\"wp-image-20010 size-fusion-400\" src=\"https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Rozenburg-Hartgring-1902-klokkenstel-400x288.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"288\" srcset=\"https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Rozenburg-Hartgring-1902-klokkenstel-200x144.jpg 200w, https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Rozenburg-Hartgring-1902-klokkenstel-400x288.jpg 400w, https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Rozenburg-Hartgring-1902-klokkenstel-500x361.jpg 500w, https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Rozenburg-Hartgring-1902-klokkenstel-600x433.jpg 600w, https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Rozenburg-Hartgring-1902-klokkenstel-768x554.jpg 768w, https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Rozenburg-Hartgring-1902-klokkenstel-800x577.jpg 800w, https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Rozenburg-Hartgring-1902-klokkenstel-1024x738.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Rozenburg-Hartgring-1902-klokkenstel-1200x865.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Rozenburg-Hartgring-1902-klokkenstel-1536x1107.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-20010\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rozenburg Den Haag, W.P. Hartgring, 1902<\/p><\/div>\n<p>The poppies on this <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><a style=\"color: #3366ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/en\/product\/rozenburg-den-haag-w-p-hartgring-1902-8\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rozenburg clock garniture<\/a><\/span>, designed by W.P. Hartgring, are especially interesting. In the Japanese \u2018language of flowers\u2019 -Hanakotoba- the red poppy does not represent sleep and death, but is a symbol for fun and fun-loving. If we consider the influence of Japan on Japonisme, we could therefore say that in this setting the Western and Japanese connotations of the poppy are fused into a new interpretation. These particular poppies do not represent the end of life, but are rather a reminder to have fun in life, because the clock keeps ticking. Combine this with the meaning of the daisy, a symbol of innocence and purity in both Japan and Europe, and the clock seems to be telling us to enjoy life!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Japan, Opium and the Far East: the influence of the Far East on Western art The influence of Japan on Western art After two centuries of \u2018splendid isolation\u2019, Japan finally opened its borders in 1854. However, it took several more years before Japonmania actually became a thing in the West. <a href=\"https:\/\/proportiodivina.nl\/en\/the-influence-of-japan-on-western-art\/\"> [&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":20008,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[311],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21036","post","type-post","status-publish","format-gallery","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news-about-proportio-divina","post_format-post-format-gallery"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.4 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The influence of Japan on Western art - Kunsthandel Proportio Divina<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Japan, Opium and the Far East: the influence of the Far East on Western art. 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